| Q.
No |
Choice
No. |
Correct Answer |
| 1 |
(a) |
Right upper lobe (63% of cases) |
| 2 |
(b) |
VSD |
| 3 |
(e) |
Pneumococcal sepsis does not cause spherocytosis. However, clostridial septicemia with exotoxemia can cause spherocytosis. |
| 4 |
(e) |
Sarcoma botryoides is a vaginal adenocarcinoma. |
| 5 |
(e) |
In a patient with megacystis-megaureter syndrome, reimplantation of ureters into a urinary bladder corrects the reflux and resolves the condition. |
| 6 |
(e) |
GnRH is a hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone. |
| 7 |
(e) |
Toddler’s diarrhea is common between 1 to 3 years of age. These healthy children eat carbohydrate-containing beverages and eat snacks throughout the day. Therefore, carbohydrate-containing beverages should be reduced, fat containing foods should be increased, and the fluid volume may be reduced. |
| 8 |
(e) |
Deoxyribonuclease (DNase) B antigen |
| 9 |
(e) |
Reassurance; the condition is self-limited and symptoms resolve within 2-3 months. Rarely, anticholinergic therapy is effective. This boy is diagnosed with pollakiuria or daytime frequency syndrome of childhood. This may be due to stress for an unknown reason or before the onset of kindergarten. |
| 10 |
(a) |
Maternal age is not advanced in most cases. The Klinefelter syndrome is 47, XXY. |
| 11 |
(e) |
Chromosome 4p involvement. This syndrome is caused by mitochondrial dysfunctions. |
| 12 |
(a) |
The facial features are characteristic of myotonic muscular dystrophy. |
| 13 |
(d) |
Intravenous corticosteroid therapy can improve a visual recovery in young adults but does not alter visual outcome. Oral
corticosteroid should not be used because of increased recurrence rate of optic neuritis. Neuromyelitis optica (Devic
disease) can cause bilateral optic neuritis. |
| 14 |
(e) |
Addison disease is associated with alopecia areata. Alopecia areata is also associated with pernicious anemia, ulcerative
colitis, vitiligo, collagen vascular diseases, and in some cases Down syndrome. |
| 15 |
(a) |
NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and other anti-inflammatory drugs are not useful in Osgood-Schlatter disease. |
| 16 |
(e) |
Education regarding prevention of poisoning should be discussed in well-child visits, even before a child is mobile. |
| 17 |
(e) |
Amoxicillin-clavulanate is the preferred oral therapy for an infection in human and animal bite wounds. |
| 18 |
(e) |
Ampicillin and sulbactum are the preferred intravenous therapies for an infection in animal and human bite wounds. Ticarcillin-clavulanate is an alternative therapy. |
| 19 |
(b) |
2-4 mL/min |
| 20 |
(c) |
8-20 mL/min |
| 21 |
(b) |
3-5 months of age |
| 22 |
(e) |
Pneumothorax does not cause pulmonary hypoplasia. However, pneumothorax can occur in a patient with hypoplastic lungs resulting in pulmonary collapse. |
| 23 |
(d) |
Ursodeoxycholic acid (15 mg/kg/day) increases a bile flow, interrupts an enterohepatic circulation of bile acids, and reduces a cholestatic jaundice. |
| 24 |
(e) |
Achlorhydria-related bacterial overgrowth |
| 25 |
(d) |
Oropharynx |
| 26 |
(a) |
Tonsillectomy is indicated in a patient with seven or more tonsillar infections that were treated with antibiotics in the preceding year, five or more tonsillar infections that were treated in each of the preceding 2 years, or three or more tonsillar infections that were treated in each of the preceding 3 years. |
| 27 |
(e) |
S. pneumoniae |
| 28 |
(b) |
S. aureus |
| 29 |
(a) |
Documented or suspected UTIs; answers (b), (c), (d), and (e) also cause gross hematuria. |
| 30 |
(a) |
IgA nephropathy |
